{"id":2525,"date":"2022-02-10T09:49:00","date_gmt":"2022-02-10T08:49:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tcje.org\/?p=2525"},"modified":"2022-05-20T09:57:50","modified_gmt":"2022-05-20T07:57:50","slug":"analiza-mbijetimi-i-demokalipsit","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tcje.org\/index.php\/2022\/02\/10\/analiza-mbijetimi-i-demokalipsit\/","title":{"rendered":"Analiza: Mbijetimi i “demokalipsit”"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

nga Andi Balla<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

R\u00ebnia demografike ka qen\u00eb nj\u00eb problematik\u00eb n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri prej dekadash. Por tani \u00ebsht\u00eb aq i madh, sa qeveria thjesht nuk mund ta injoroj\u00eb m\u00eb. Nd\u00ebrsa qeveria e mandatit t\u00eb tret\u00eb t\u00eb kryeministrit socialist Edi Rama merr detyr\u00ebn, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 premtimeve t\u00eb zakonshme p\u00ebr rritje t\u00eb cil\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb jet\u00ebs dhe sh\u00ebrbimeve, programi i ri i qeveris\u00eb parashikon rritje t\u00eb m\u00ebdha n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen n\u00eb pagat e sektorit publik dhe ndihm\u00ebn monetare p\u00ebr familjet p\u00ebr t\u00eb bler\u00eb sht\u00ebpi- masa q\u00eb synojn\u00eb qart\u00eb ta b\u00ebjn\u00eb vendin m\u00eb t\u00ebrheq\u00ebs p\u00ebr ata q\u00eb tundohen t\u00eb k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb mund\u00ebsi jasht\u00eb vendit. Problemi \u00ebsht\u00eb se edhe n\u00eb skenarin e pamundur q\u00eb qeveria t’i p\u00ebrmbush\u00eb plot\u00ebsisht k\u00ebto premtime, ato nuk do t\u00eb jen\u00eb t\u00eb mjaftueshme n\u00ebse nuk jan\u00eb pjes\u00eb e nj\u00eb strategjie t\u00eb mir\u00ebp\u00ebrcaktuar dhe shum\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb fort\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb adresuar k\u00ebt\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtje.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nuk ka zgjidhje t\u00eb lehta p\u00ebr r\u00ebnien demografike t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb. N\u00eb fakt, mund t\u00eb mos jet\u00eb m\u00eb problem i rregulluesh\u00ebm, por qeveria mund t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb rregulluar politikat p\u00ebr t\u00eb zbutur goditjen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kuptimi i r\u00ebnies s\u00eb spirales demografike <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Si fillim, le t\u00eb jemi t\u00eb qart\u00eb: ky nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb problem unik p\u00ebr Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb. 10 vendet me tkurrje m\u00eb t\u00eb shpejt\u00eb n\u00eb bot\u00eb jan\u00eb n\u00eb Evrop\u00ebn Lindore \u2013 dhe t\u00eb gjitha vendet e Ballkanit Per\u00ebndimor p\u00ebrballen me t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtin problem. Arsyet jan\u00eb gjithashtu t\u00eb nj\u00ebjta: migrimi jasht\u00eb vendit ku pagat jan\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb larta dhe sh\u00ebrbimet publike kombinohen m\u00eb mir\u00eb me nj\u00eb r\u00ebnie t\u00eb shpejt\u00eb t\u00eb nivelit t\u00eb lindjeve.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ashtu si pjesa tjet\u00ebr e rajonit, t\u00eb gjitha tendencat tregojn\u00eb se Shqip\u00ebria do t\u00eb p\u00ebrjetoj\u00eb r\u00ebnie t\u00eb shpejt\u00eb t\u00eb popullsis\u00eb gjat\u00eb dekadave t\u00eb ardhshme. Shkalla e lindjeve p\u00ebr grua n\u00eb vend n\u00eb vitin 2018 ra n\u00eb 1.3, “shkalla m\u00eb e ul\u00ebt n\u00eb histori”. Pandemia i ka b\u00ebr\u00eb gj\u00ebrat edhe m\u00eb keq. P\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb n\u00eb historin\u00eb e fundit, n\u00eb vitin 2020 n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri kan\u00eb vdekur m\u00eb shum\u00eb meshkuj sesa kan\u00eb lindur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Politikan\u00ebt, gazetar\u00ebt dhe statisticien\u00ebt shqiptar\u00eb nuk jan\u00eb dakord p\u00ebr shifrat e v\u00ebshtira t\u00eb njer\u00ebzve q\u00eb largohen nga vendi n\u00eb \u00e7do vit t\u00eb caktuar, por askush nuk mund ta mohoj\u00eb se dhjet\u00ebra mij\u00ebra po largohen p\u00ebrgjithmon\u00eb nga vendi n\u00eb baza vjetore. Rezultati i k\u00ebsaj \u00ebsht\u00eb i qart\u00eb. Disa parashikime nga OKB dhe burime t\u00eb tjera tregojn\u00eb se Shqip\u00ebria do ta mbyll\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb shekull me nj\u00eb popullsi prej, n\u00eb rastin m\u00eb t\u00eb keq, 1 milion dhe, n\u00eb rastin m\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb, 2 milion. Sot vendi ka 2.7 milion\u00eb banor\u00eb dhe rreth 4.5 milion\u00eb banor\u00eb. Diferenca prej 1.8 milion \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb shkall\u00ebs tashm\u00eb rekord t\u00eb emigracionit p\u00ebr frym\u00eb t\u00eb vendit n\u00eb 30 vitet e fundit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nj\u00eb popullsi n\u00eb r\u00ebnie t\u00eb shpejt\u00eb sjell probleme t\u00eb m\u00ebdha n\u00eb rrug\u00eb – ekonomikisht dhe socialisht. Zakonisht \u00ebsht\u00eb pjesa m\u00eb produktive e popullsis\u00eb q\u00eb largohet – t\u00eb rinjt\u00eb dhe t\u00eb aft\u00ebt. Nj\u00eb raport alarmant i shtatorit 2021 nga instituti zyrtar i statistikave t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, INSTAT, tregoi se rreth gjysma e shqiptar\u00ebve t\u00eb arsimuar universitar ishin larguar nga vendi. Si rezultat, ekonomia dhe shoq\u00ebria q\u00eb ata l\u00ebn\u00eb pas p\u00ebrballet me nj\u00eb spirale negative. Ka m\u00eb pak njer\u00ebz p\u00ebr t\u00eb filluar biznese, m\u00eb pak njer\u00ebz p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbushur pozicione t\u00eb kualifikuara dhe m\u00eb pak taksapagues p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbajtur n\u00eb k\u00ebmb\u00eb shtetin dhe sistemin e pensioneve. P\u00ebr bizneset, t\u00eb m\u00ebdha dhe t\u00eb vogla, ka m\u00eb pak klient\u00eb p\u00ebr t’u sh\u00ebrbyer, pra m\u00eb pak kapital.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pse po largohen?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n


P\u00ebr shum\u00eb vite, disa besonin gabimisht se migrimi ishte i mir\u00eb n\u00eb at\u00eb q\u00eb shum\u00eb prej atyre q\u00eb studiojn\u00eb dhe punojn\u00eb jasht\u00eb do t\u00eb ktheheshin p\u00ebrfundimisht dhe do t\u00eb kontribuonin n\u00eb vendin e origjin\u00ebs. Nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb k\u00ebshtu, tregon sondazhi i fundit i INSTAT, edhe pse Shqip\u00ebria ka numrin m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb t\u00eb student\u00ebve jasht\u00eb vendit n\u00eb krahasim me rajonin. Ka raste sporadike t\u00eb suksesit t\u00eb emigrant\u00ebve q\u00eb kthehen, por tendenca e p\u00ebrgjithshme ka qen\u00eb q\u00eb shumica e atyre q\u00eb largohen nuk kthehen. Dhe mes atyre q\u00eb kthehen, shum\u00eb riemigrojn\u00eb p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb munges\u00ebs s\u00eb mund\u00ebsive n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri, pasi p\u00ebrpjekjet p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjetur pun\u00eb t\u00eb mira ose p\u00ebr t\u00eb filluar biznese t\u00eb suksesshme pengohen nga madh\u00ebsia e tregut, nj\u00eb mjedis i keq biznesi dhe konkurrenca nga ata tashm\u00eb n\u00eb vend. shum\u00eb prej t\u00eb cil\u00ebve mund t\u00eb jen\u00eb m\u00eb pak t\u00eb kualifikuar, m\u00eb pak t\u00eb aft\u00eb dhe m\u00eb pak produktiv\u00eb \u2013 por, m\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishmja, m\u00eb t\u00eb lidhur politikisht ose ndryshe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Opozita dhe aktivist\u00ebt e shoq\u00ebris\u00eb civile turbullojn\u00eb p\u00ebr d\u00ebshtimet e qeveris\u00eb dhe ata jan\u00eb pjes\u00ebrisht t\u00eb drejt\u00eb. Veprimi ose mosveprimi i qeveris\u00eb ka nj\u00eb efekt n\u00eb shkall\u00ebn e largimeve. D\u00ebshtimi p\u00ebr t\u00eb rritur cil\u00ebsin\u00eb e jet\u00ebs dhe sh\u00ebrbimet publike mjaftuesh\u00ebm shpejt luan nj\u00eb rol. P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, nj\u00eb r\u00ebnie e p\u00ebrgjithshme n\u00eb gjendjen e demokracis\u00eb ka l\u00ebn\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb rinj t\u00eb zhg\u00ebnjyer se mund t\u00eb ken\u00eb nj\u00eb fjal\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb ardhmen e vendit t\u00eb tyre. Fatkeq\u00ebsit\u00eb natyrore t\u00eb dyfishta t\u00eb t\u00ebrmetit dhe pandemis\u00eb kan\u00eb tronditur edhe m\u00eb shum\u00eb sistemin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Por faktor\u00ebt m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdhenj shtyt\u00ebs jan\u00eb mungesa e konkurrenc\u00ebs ekonomike dhe sh\u00ebrbimet m\u00eb t\u00eb k\u00ebqija q\u00eb vijn\u00eb me m\u00eb pak pasuri ekonomike. Mbi k\u00ebt\u00eb me plag\u00ebn e korrupsionit dhe zymt\u00ebsin\u00eb e p\u00ebrgjithshme t\u00eb nj\u00eb shoq\u00ebrie ballkanike postkomuniste, dhe ju keni nj\u00eb shpikje t\u00eb pak\u00ebndshme. P\u00ebr sa koh\u00eb q\u00eb dikush mund t\u00eb hip\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb udh\u00ebtim me aeroplan dy-or\u00ebsh n\u00eb vende si Gjermania dhe t\u00eb trefishoj\u00eb ose kat\u00ebrfishoj\u00eb fuqin\u00eb e tij bler\u00ebse duke punuar n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtat or\u00eb – dhe t\u00eb ket\u00eb shkolla m\u00eb t\u00eb mira p\u00ebr f\u00ebmij\u00ebt e tyre dhe kujdes sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsor m\u00eb t\u00eb sigurt dhe m\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrballuesh\u00ebm dhe t\u00eb jetoj\u00eb sipas nj\u00eb s\u00ebr\u00eb rregullash q\u00eb nuk zbatohen n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb arbitrare – ikja e njer\u00ebzve do t\u00eb vazhdoj\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hapat te cilat mund te zbusin procesin<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pra, \u00e7far\u00eb mund t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb qeveria socialiste e mandatit t\u00eb tret\u00eb? Ka disa hapa q\u00eb mund t\u00eb marr\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb zbutur r\u00ebnien demografike. Hapi i par\u00eb do t\u00eb ishte p\u00ebrshtatja e politikave p\u00ebr t\u00eb maksimizuar p\u00ebrfitimet ekonomike n\u00eb nj\u00eb vend ku fuqia pun\u00ebtore po tkurret dhe popullsia po plaket. P\u00ebr nj\u00eb vend si Shqip\u00ebria, nj\u00eb l\u00ebvizje e mir\u00eb do t\u00eb ishte t\u00eb p\u00ebrfitonte nga pikat e forta t\u00eb saj \u2013 klima, vendndodhja gjeografike dhe kostoja m\u00eb e ul\u00ebt e jetes\u00ebs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ajo duhet t\u00eb investoj\u00eb, p\u00ebr shembull, n\u00eb zona t\u00eb ve\u00e7anta ku bizneset shqiptare mund t\u00eb jen\u00eb v\u00ebrtet konkurruese dhe q\u00eb ofrojn\u00eb t\u00eb ardhura mjaft t\u00eb larta p\u00ebr t’i ndihmuar njer\u00ebzit t\u00eb q\u00ebndrojn\u00eb n\u00eb vend. K\u00ebto mund t\u00eb variojn\u00eb nga sektori i teknologjis\u00eb tek produktet bujq\u00ebsore dhe ushqimore premium. K\u00ebtyre sektor\u00ebve duhet t’u jepet \u00e7do nxitje e mundshme tatimore p\u00ebr t\u00eb vendosur rr\u00ebnj\u00eb n\u00eb vend. Qeveria duhet gjithashtu t\u00eb diversifikoj\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekjet e saj duke ndihmuar nd\u00ebrmarrjet e vogla dhe t\u00eb mesme q\u00eb mund t\u00eb konkurrojn\u00eb globalisht n\u00eb nj\u00eb ekonomi dixhitale.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nd\u00ebrsa rritja e turizmit, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht turizmi i nivelit t\u00eb lart\u00eb, \u00ebsht\u00eb i mir\u00eb, investimet duhet t\u00eb menaxhohen n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb vendasit t\u00eb shohin nj\u00eb p\u00ebrfitim neto dhe pun\u00ebt e prodhuara t\u00eb paguhen mjaft mir\u00eb, n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb pun\u00ebtori t\u00eb mos tundohet t\u00eb hip\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb traget dhe t\u00eb punoj\u00eb n\u00eb Itali ose Kroaci. sezonin e ardhsh\u00ebm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u00eb at\u00eb q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb fitim masiv neto kapital, vendi mund t\u00eb punoj\u00eb gjithashtu p\u00ebr t\u00eb t\u00ebrhequr pensionist\u00eb nga vendet m\u00eb t\u00eb pasura evropiane, p\u00ebr shembull, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 shqiptar\u00ebve q\u00eb kan\u00eb t\u00eb ardhura pensioni nga vende t\u00eb tjera pasi kan\u00eb punuar atje p\u00ebr shum\u00eb vite. Kjo mund t\u00eb ndihmohet p\u00ebrmes stimujve n\u00eb tatimet dhe kujdesin sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u00eb an\u00ebn tjet\u00ebr t\u00eb ekuacionit, nj\u00eb hap tjet\u00ebr mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb ofrimi i p\u00ebrfitimeve bujare p\u00ebr \u00e7iftet e reja p\u00ebr ta b\u00ebr\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb favorsh\u00ebm lindjen e f\u00ebmij\u00ebve dhe q\u00ebndrimin n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri. Bonusi prej 10,000 dollar\u00ebsh n\u00eb para ose kredit\u00eb e buta p\u00ebr t\u00eb bler\u00eb nj\u00eb sht\u00ebpi t\u00eb par\u00eb p\u00ebr \u00e7iftet e reja, si\u00e7 propozon programi aktual i qeveris\u00eb, \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb fillim i mir\u00eb n\u00ebse zbatohet. Por kjo nuk mjafton, pasi \u00e7mimet e banesave kan\u00eb sh\u00ebnuar rritje masive t\u00eb \u00e7mimeve, nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb q\u00eb pagat mezi jan\u00eb rritur n\u00eb sektorin privat. \u00c7mimet e apartamenteve n\u00eb vende si kryeqyteti, Tirana, p\u00ebr shembull, jan\u00eb rritur me 50 p\u00ebr qind q\u00eb kur socialist\u00ebt mor\u00ebn pushtetin n\u00eb 2013.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00cbsht\u00eb gjithashtu shum\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme q\u00eb qeveria t\u00eb ndryshoj\u00eb narrativ\u00ebn q\u00eb ka huazuar nga disa pjes\u00eb t\u00eb komunitetit t\u00eb biznesit, i cili ka filluar t\u00eb ndjej\u00eb mungesat akute t\u00eb fuqis\u00eb pun\u00ebtore q\u00eb rrjedhin nga r\u00ebnia demografike. Problemi nuk jan\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebt \u201cdembel\u00eb\u201d q\u00eb nuk duan t\u00eb punojn\u00eb n\u00eb sht\u00ebpi ku ka vende pune me pages\u00eb t\u00eb ul\u00ebt. Problemi \u00ebsht\u00eb se Shqip\u00ebria nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb konkurruese n\u00eb tregun m\u00eb t\u00eb gjer\u00eb t\u00eb pun\u00ebs. Vendet m\u00eb t\u00eb pasura kan\u00eb zbutur r\u00ebnien demografike p\u00ebrmes importimit t\u00eb pun\u00ebtor\u00ebve. Kjo nuk do t\u00eb funksionoj\u00eb n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri, t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn jo p\u00ebr disa dekada. Shqip\u00ebria \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb e varf\u00ebr p\u00ebr t\u00eb qen\u00eb nj\u00eb destinacion t\u00ebrheq\u00ebs p\u00ebr migrant\u00ebt e mundsh\u00ebm, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt thjesht do ta shihnin at\u00eb si nj\u00eb pik\u00eb k\u00ebrcimi drejt Evrop\u00ebs Per\u00ebndimore. P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, edhe pse Shqip\u00ebria sot duket mikprit\u00ebse p\u00ebr refugjat\u00ebt jasht\u00eb Evrop\u00ebs, historia tregon se \u00e7do popullsi, sado mikprit\u00ebse dhe mir\u00ebdash\u00ebse, mund t\u00eb b\u00ebhet armiq\u00ebsore ndaj nj\u00eb numri t\u00eb madh emigrant\u00ebsh q\u00eb jan\u00eb duksh\u00ebm t\u00eb ndrysh\u00ebm nga popullsia vendase.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u00eb fund t\u00eb fundit, nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb q\u00eb ka opsione p\u00ebr t\u00eb zbutur goditjen, ato nuk do ta kthejn\u00eb r\u00ebnien demografike, por mund t\u00eb frenojn\u00eb n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb skenar\u00ebt m\u00eb t\u00eb k\u00ebqij t\u00eb mos realizohen.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

nga Andi Balla R\u00ebnia demografike ka qen\u00eb nj\u00eb problematik\u00eb n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri prej dekadash. Por tani \u00ebsht\u00eb aq i madh, sa qeveria thjesht nuk mund ta injoroj\u00eb m\u00eb. Nd\u00ebrsa qeveria e mandatit t\u00eb tret\u00eb t\u00eb kryeministrit socialist Edi Rama merr detyr\u00ebn, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 premtimeve t\u00eb zakonshme p\u00ebr rritje t\u00eb cil\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb jet\u00ebs dhe sh\u00ebrbimeve, programi i ri i qeveris\u00eb parashikon rritje t\u00eb m\u00ebdha n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen n\u00eb pagat e sektorit publik dhe ndihm\u00ebn monetare p\u00ebr familjet p\u00ebr t\u00eb bler\u00eb sht\u00ebpi- masa q\u00eb synojn\u00eb qart\u00eb ta b\u00ebjn\u00eb vendin m\u00eb t\u00ebrheq\u00ebs p\u00ebr ata q\u00eb tundohen t\u00eb k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb mund\u00ebsi jasht\u00eb vendit. Problemi \u00ebsht\u00eb se edhe n\u00eb skenarin e pamundur q\u00eb qeveria t’i p\u00ebrmbush\u00eb plot\u00ebsisht k\u00ebto premtime, ato nuk do t\u00eb jen\u00eb t\u00eb mjaftueshme n\u00ebse nuk jan\u00eb pjes\u00eb e nj\u00eb strategjie t\u00eb mir\u00ebp\u00ebrcaktuar dhe shum\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb fort\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb adresuar k\u00ebt\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtje. Nuk ka zgjidhje t\u00eb lehta p\u00ebr r\u00ebnien demografike t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb. N\u00eb fakt, mund t\u00eb mos jet\u00eb m\u00eb problem i rregulluesh\u00ebm, por qeveria mund t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb rregulluar politikat p\u00ebr t\u00eb zbutur goditjen. Kuptimi i r\u00ebnies s\u00eb spirales demografike Si fillim, le t\u00eb jemi t\u00eb qart\u00eb: ky nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb problem unik p\u00ebr Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb. 10 vendet me tkurrje m\u00eb t\u00eb shpejt\u00eb n\u00eb bot\u00eb jan\u00eb n\u00eb Evrop\u00ebn Lindore \u2013 dhe t\u00eb gjitha vendet e Ballkanit Per\u00ebndimor p\u00ebrballen me t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtin problem. Arsyet jan\u00eb gjithashtu t\u00eb nj\u00ebjta: migrimi jasht\u00eb vendit ku pagat jan\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb larta dhe sh\u00ebrbimet publike kombinohen m\u00eb mir\u00eb me nj\u00eb r\u00ebnie t\u00eb shpejt\u00eb t\u00eb nivelit t\u00eb lindjeve. Ashtu si pjesa tjet\u00ebr e rajonit, t\u00eb gjitha tendencat tregojn\u00eb se Shqip\u00ebria do t\u00eb p\u00ebrjetoj\u00eb r\u00ebnie t\u00eb shpejt\u00eb t\u00eb popullsis\u00eb gjat\u00eb dekadave t\u00eb ardhshme. Shkalla e lindjeve p\u00ebr grua n\u00eb vend n\u00eb vitin 2018 ra n\u00eb 1.3, “shkalla m\u00eb e ul\u00ebt n\u00eb histori”. Pandemia i ka b\u00ebr\u00eb gj\u00ebrat edhe m\u00eb keq. P\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb n\u00eb historin\u00eb e fundit, n\u00eb vitin 2020 n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri kan\u00eb vdekur m\u00eb shum\u00eb meshkuj sesa kan\u00eb lindur. Politikan\u00ebt, gazetar\u00ebt dhe statisticien\u00ebt shqiptar\u00eb nuk jan\u00eb dakord p\u00ebr shifrat e v\u00ebshtira t\u00eb njer\u00ebzve q\u00eb largohen nga vendi n\u00eb \u00e7do vit t\u00eb caktuar, por askush nuk mund ta mohoj\u00eb se dhjet\u00ebra mij\u00ebra po largohen p\u00ebrgjithmon\u00eb nga vendi n\u00eb baza vjetore. Rezultati i k\u00ebsaj \u00ebsht\u00eb i qart\u00eb. Disa parashikime nga OKB dhe burime t\u00eb tjera tregojn\u00eb se Shqip\u00ebria do ta mbyll\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb shekull me nj\u00eb popullsi prej, n\u00eb rastin m\u00eb t\u00eb keq, 1 milion dhe, n\u00eb rastin m\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb, 2 milion. Sot vendi ka 2.7 milion\u00eb banor\u00eb dhe rreth 4.5 milion\u00eb banor\u00eb. Diferenca prej 1.8 milion \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb shkall\u00ebs tashm\u00eb rekord t\u00eb emigracionit p\u00ebr frym\u00eb t\u00eb vendit n\u00eb 30 vitet e fundit. Nj\u00eb popullsi n\u00eb r\u00ebnie t\u00eb shpejt\u00eb sjell probleme t\u00eb m\u00ebdha n\u00eb rrug\u00eb – ekonomikisht dhe socialisht. Zakonisht \u00ebsht\u00eb pjesa m\u00eb produktive e popullsis\u00eb q\u00eb largohet – t\u00eb rinjt\u00eb dhe t\u00eb aft\u00ebt. Nj\u00eb raport alarmant i shtatorit 2021 nga instituti zyrtar i statistikave t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, INSTAT, tregoi se rreth gjysma e shqiptar\u00ebve t\u00eb arsimuar universitar ishin larguar nga vendi. Si rezultat, ekonomia dhe shoq\u00ebria q\u00eb ata l\u00ebn\u00eb pas p\u00ebrballet me nj\u00eb spirale negative. Ka m\u00eb pak njer\u00ebz p\u00ebr t\u00eb filluar biznese, m\u00eb pak njer\u00ebz p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbushur pozicione t\u00eb kualifikuara dhe m\u00eb pak taksapagues p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbajtur n\u00eb k\u00ebmb\u00eb shtetin dhe sistemin e pensioneve. P\u00ebr bizneset, t\u00eb m\u00ebdha dhe t\u00eb vogla, ka m\u00eb pak klient\u00eb p\u00ebr t’u sh\u00ebrbyer, pra m\u00eb pak kapital. Pse po largohen? P\u00ebr shum\u00eb vite, disa besonin gabimisht se migrimi ishte i mir\u00eb n\u00eb at\u00eb q\u00eb shum\u00eb prej atyre q\u00eb studiojn\u00eb dhe punojn\u00eb jasht\u00eb do t\u00eb ktheheshin p\u00ebrfundimisht dhe do t\u00eb kontribuonin n\u00eb vendin e origjin\u00ebs. Nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb k\u00ebshtu, tregon sondazhi i fundit i INSTAT, edhe pse Shqip\u00ebria ka numrin m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb t\u00eb student\u00ebve jasht\u00eb vendit n\u00eb krahasim me rajonin. Ka raste sporadike t\u00eb suksesit t\u00eb emigrant\u00ebve q\u00eb kthehen, por tendenca e p\u00ebrgjithshme ka qen\u00eb q\u00eb shumica e atyre q\u00eb largohen nuk kthehen. Dhe mes atyre q\u00eb kthehen, shum\u00eb riemigrojn\u00eb p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb munges\u00ebs s\u00eb mund\u00ebsive n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri, pasi p\u00ebrpjekjet p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjetur pun\u00eb t\u00eb mira ose p\u00ebr t\u00eb filluar biznese t\u00eb suksesshme pengohen nga madh\u00ebsia e tregut, nj\u00eb mjedis i keq biznesi dhe konkurrenca nga ata tashm\u00eb n\u00eb vend. shum\u00eb prej t\u00eb cil\u00ebve mund t\u00eb jen\u00eb m\u00eb pak t\u00eb kualifikuar, m\u00eb pak t\u00eb aft\u00eb dhe m\u00eb pak produktiv\u00eb \u2013 por, m\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishmja, m\u00eb t\u00eb lidhur politikisht ose ndryshe. Opozita dhe aktivist\u00ebt e shoq\u00ebris\u00eb civile turbullojn\u00eb p\u00ebr d\u00ebshtimet e qeveris\u00eb dhe ata jan\u00eb pjes\u00ebrisht t\u00eb drejt\u00eb. Veprimi ose mosveprimi i qeveris\u00eb ka nj\u00eb efekt n\u00eb shkall\u00ebn e largimeve. D\u00ebshtimi p\u00ebr t\u00eb rritur cil\u00ebsin\u00eb e jet\u00ebs dhe sh\u00ebrbimet publike mjaftuesh\u00ebm shpejt luan nj\u00eb rol. P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, nj\u00eb r\u00ebnie e p\u00ebrgjithshme n\u00eb gjendjen e demokracis\u00eb ka l\u00ebn\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb rinj t\u00eb zhg\u00ebnjyer se mund t\u00eb ken\u00eb nj\u00eb fjal\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb ardhmen e vendit t\u00eb tyre. Fatkeq\u00ebsit\u00eb natyrore t\u00eb dyfishta t\u00eb t\u00ebrmetit dhe pandemis\u00eb kan\u00eb tronditur edhe m\u00eb shum\u00eb sistemin. Por faktor\u00ebt m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdhenj shtyt\u00ebs jan\u00eb mungesa e konkurrenc\u00ebs ekonomike dhe sh\u00ebrbimet m\u00eb t\u00eb k\u00ebqija q\u00eb vijn\u00eb me m\u00eb pak pasuri ekonomike. Mbi k\u00ebt\u00eb me plag\u00ebn e korrupsionit dhe zymt\u00ebsin\u00eb e p\u00ebrgjithshme t\u00eb nj\u00eb shoq\u00ebrie ballkanike postkomuniste, dhe ju keni nj\u00eb shpikje t\u00eb pak\u00ebndshme. P\u00ebr sa koh\u00eb q\u00eb dikush mund t\u00eb hip\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb udh\u00ebtim me aeroplan dy-or\u00ebsh n\u00eb vende si Gjermania dhe t\u00eb trefishoj\u00eb ose kat\u00ebrfishoj\u00eb fuqin\u00eb e tij bler\u00ebse duke punuar n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtat or\u00eb – dhe t\u00eb ket\u00eb shkolla m\u00eb t\u00eb mira p\u00ebr f\u00ebmij\u00ebt e tyre dhe kujdes sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsor m\u00eb t\u00eb sigurt dhe m\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrballuesh\u00ebm dhe t\u00eb jetoj\u00eb sipas nj\u00eb s\u00ebr\u00eb rregullash q\u00eb nuk zbatohen n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb arbitrare – ikja e njer\u00ebzve do t\u00eb vazhdoj\u00eb. Hapat te cilat mund te zbusin procesin Pra, \u00e7far\u00eb mund t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb qeveria socialiste e mandatit t\u00eb tret\u00eb? Ka disa hapa q\u00eb mund t\u00eb marr\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb zbutur r\u00ebnien demografike. Hapi i par\u00eb do t\u00eb ishte p\u00ebrshtatja e politikave p\u00ebr t\u00eb maksimizuar p\u00ebrfitimet ekonomike n\u00eb nj\u00eb vend ku fuqia pun\u00ebtore po tkurret dhe popullsia po plaket. P\u00ebr nj\u00eb vend si Shqip\u00ebria, nj\u00eb l\u00ebvizje e mir\u00eb do t\u00eb ishte t\u00eb p\u00ebrfitonte nga pikat e […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2527,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[71],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tcje.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2525"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tcje.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tcje.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tcje.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tcje.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2525"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/tcje.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2525\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2528,"href":"https:\/\/tcje.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2525\/revisions\/2528"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tcje.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2527"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tcje.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2525"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tcje.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2525"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tcje.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2525"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}